INTRODUCTION
This paper is an assignment for the course SIS 803 which intends to define the concept of security. This paper hopes to take our understanding of the concept security beyond the usual definition of the layman in the society. The term security is described as a body with different parts. According to Mesjasz (2004), the English word, security originated from the Latin word “se-curus”, “se” means without and “curus” means “uneasiness”.The word security is most times misconstrued. The word is sometimes used to refer to that "Hausa man" watching over the gate. We refer to dogs, monkeys, lightning bulb as security sometimes. Security goes beyond people that are assigned to guide us or keep us safe. According to Asobie, Security is defined by Chambers 21st Century dictionary as protection from physical harm, especially assassination.Security may be considered as assured freedom from poverty or want, precautions taken to ensure against theft, espionage or a person or thing that secures or guarantees Collins English Dictionary and Thesaurus , 1992 ). Craighead 2003 suggested tgat security may be the provision of private services in the protection of people, information and assets for individual safety or community wellness(Stone 2009) explained that security is taken to be about the pursuit of freedom from threat and the ability of states and societies to maintain their independent identity and their functional integrity against forces of change, which they see as hostile. Otto and Ukpere (2012) perceive security as means of protection from hidden and harmful disruptions in the patterns of daily life in homes, offices or communities. According to (Post and Kingsbury 1991), security may be considered as the provision of paid services in preventing undesirable, unauthorized or detrimental loss to an organizations' assets. Some set of people have aslo viewed security to be power. (Van Buuren 2010) felt security has been understood to be synonymous with the accumulation of power. It has been regarded as a commodity, and power as the means of achieving it. Security is the main essence of government. Every duty of the government is defined around every part of security. The function of thr government is yo ensure that the nation is safe while providing a conducive environment for its citizenry to thrive, succeed and live peacefully. This paper explains the various parts that make up the term security.
NATIONAL SECURITY National security is defined as the safety of a nation against threat such as terrorism, war or espionage. "The distinctive meaning of national security means freedom from foreign dictation." (Harold Lasswell, 1950). It was proposed in the First Independent Review of Intelligence and Security in Newzealand tat National security can be defined as: threats, or potential threats, to New Zealand’s status as a free and democratic society from unlawful acts or foreign interference imminent threats to the life and safety of New Zealanders overseas threats, or potential threats, that may cause serious harm to the safety or quality of life of the New Zealand population unlawful acts, or acts of foreign interference, that may cause serious damage to New Zealand’s economic security or international relations threats, or potential threats, that may cause serious harm to the safety of a population of another country as a result of unlawful acts by a New Zealander that are ideologically, religiously, or politically motivated threats, or potential threats, to international security.
HEALTH SECURITY Health security is the awareness of being secure that health is good and if not there are ways to obtain care to return to good health. It aims to guarantee a minimum protection from diseases and unhealthy lifestyles. WHO defined “global public health security” as “the activities required, both proactive and reactive, to minimize vulnerability to acute public health events that endanger the collective health of population living across geographical regions and international boundaries”
FOOD SECURITY Food security is a condition related to the supply of food, and individuals' access to it. (FAO World Food. Summit, 1996) ! Food security is achieved when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.At the 1974 World Food Conference the term "food security" was defined as the "availability at all times of adequate, nourishing, diverse, balanced and moderate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices".
SOCIAL SECURITY Social security is the protection that a society provides to individuals and households to ensure access to health care and to guarantee income security, particularly in cases of old age, unemployment, sickness, invalidity, work injury, maternity or loss of a breadwinner. Social security is also "any government system that provides monetary assistance to people with an inadequate or no income. POLITICAL SECURITY Political security is the defense against any form of political oppression.The 1994 Human Development Report (HDR) defined political security as the prevention of government repression, systematic violation of human rights and threats from militarization.
ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY Environmental security examines threats posed by environmental events and trends to individuals, communities or nations. The Millennium Project assessed Environmental security as environmental viability for life support, with three sub-elements: preventing or repairing military damage to the environment, preventing or responding to environmentally caused conflicts, and protecting the environment due to its inherent moral value. Environmental security mainly deals with protection of the ecosystem, protecting nature which includes wildlife and plants and maximally avoiding pollution.
CONCLUSION
Security is defined as the provision of protection to people against act of violence, famine, poverty, sickness and diseases, disenfranchisement and natural disasters. This definition details every circumstance a man tries to avoid in order to live.
REFERENCE Asobie, A. Lecture Notes on Security.(Nasarawa State University, Keffi: Unpublished, 2017), 4 Craighead , G . ( 2003 ) High-Rise Security and Fire Life Safety .
Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann . Food and Agriculture Organization (November 1996). "Rome Declaration on Food Security and World Food Summit Plan of Action" (27 November 2011).
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_security https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_security
Mesjasz, C. “Security As An Analytical Concept”. A Paper Presented at the 5th Pan-European Conference on International Relations held at Hague, September 9-11 (2004):5 Political Security Law and Legal Definition: Available from https://definitions.uslegal.com/p/political-security%20/
Post , R . S . and Kingsbury , A . A . ( 1991 ) Security Administration: An Introduction to the Protection Services . Boston, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann . UNDP. (1994). Human Development Report 1994. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from http://hdrnet.org/426/1/hdr_1994_en.pdf[Crossref], [Google Scholar] Van Buuren, Jelle, 2010: “Security as a commodity. The ethical dilemmas of private security services. International Peace Research Institute in Oslo”; at: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security
This paper is an assignment for the course SIS 803 which intends to define the concept of security. This paper hopes to take our understanding of the concept security beyond the usual definition of the layman in the society. The term security is described as a body with different parts. According to Mesjasz (2004), the English word, security originated from the Latin word “se-curus”, “se” means without and “curus” means “uneasiness”.The word security is most times misconstrued. The word is sometimes used to refer to that "Hausa man" watching over the gate. We refer to dogs, monkeys, lightning bulb as security sometimes. Security goes beyond people that are assigned to guide us or keep us safe. According to Asobie, Security is defined by Chambers 21st Century dictionary as protection from physical harm, especially assassination.Security may be considered as assured freedom from poverty or want, precautions taken to ensure against theft, espionage or a person or thing that secures or guarantees Collins English Dictionary and Thesaurus , 1992 ). Craighead 2003 suggested tgat security may be the provision of private services in the protection of people, information and assets for individual safety or community wellness(Stone 2009) explained that security is taken to be about the pursuit of freedom from threat and the ability of states and societies to maintain their independent identity and their functional integrity against forces of change, which they see as hostile. Otto and Ukpere (2012) perceive security as means of protection from hidden and harmful disruptions in the patterns of daily life in homes, offices or communities. According to (Post and Kingsbury 1991), security may be considered as the provision of paid services in preventing undesirable, unauthorized or detrimental loss to an organizations' assets. Some set of people have aslo viewed security to be power. (Van Buuren 2010) felt security has been understood to be synonymous with the accumulation of power. It has been regarded as a commodity, and power as the means of achieving it. Security is the main essence of government. Every duty of the government is defined around every part of security. The function of thr government is yo ensure that the nation is safe while providing a conducive environment for its citizenry to thrive, succeed and live peacefully. This paper explains the various parts that make up the term security.
NATIONAL SECURITY National security is defined as the safety of a nation against threat such as terrorism, war or espionage. "The distinctive meaning of national security means freedom from foreign dictation." (Harold Lasswell, 1950). It was proposed in the First Independent Review of Intelligence and Security in Newzealand tat National security can be defined as: threats, or potential threats, to New Zealand’s status as a free and democratic society from unlawful acts or foreign interference imminent threats to the life and safety of New Zealanders overseas threats, or potential threats, that may cause serious harm to the safety or quality of life of the New Zealand population unlawful acts, or acts of foreign interference, that may cause serious damage to New Zealand’s economic security or international relations threats, or potential threats, that may cause serious harm to the safety of a population of another country as a result of unlawful acts by a New Zealander that are ideologically, religiously, or politically motivated threats, or potential threats, to international security.
HEALTH SECURITY Health security is the awareness of being secure that health is good and if not there are ways to obtain care to return to good health. It aims to guarantee a minimum protection from diseases and unhealthy lifestyles. WHO defined “global public health security” as “the activities required, both proactive and reactive, to minimize vulnerability to acute public health events that endanger the collective health of population living across geographical regions and international boundaries”
FOOD SECURITY Food security is a condition related to the supply of food, and individuals' access to it. (FAO World Food. Summit, 1996) ! Food security is achieved when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.At the 1974 World Food Conference the term "food security" was defined as the "availability at all times of adequate, nourishing, diverse, balanced and moderate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices".
SOCIAL SECURITY Social security is the protection that a society provides to individuals and households to ensure access to health care and to guarantee income security, particularly in cases of old age, unemployment, sickness, invalidity, work injury, maternity or loss of a breadwinner. Social security is also "any government system that provides monetary assistance to people with an inadequate or no income. POLITICAL SECURITY Political security is the defense against any form of political oppression.The 1994 Human Development Report (HDR) defined political security as the prevention of government repression, systematic violation of human rights and threats from militarization.
ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY Environmental security examines threats posed by environmental events and trends to individuals, communities or nations. The Millennium Project assessed Environmental security as environmental viability for life support, with three sub-elements: preventing or repairing military damage to the environment, preventing or responding to environmentally caused conflicts, and protecting the environment due to its inherent moral value. Environmental security mainly deals with protection of the ecosystem, protecting nature which includes wildlife and plants and maximally avoiding pollution.
CONCLUSION
Security is defined as the provision of protection to people against act of violence, famine, poverty, sickness and diseases, disenfranchisement and natural disasters. This definition details every circumstance a man tries to avoid in order to live.
REFERENCE Asobie, A. Lecture Notes on Security.(Nasarawa State University, Keffi: Unpublished, 2017), 4 Craighead , G . ( 2003 ) High-Rise Security and Fire Life Safety .
Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann . Food and Agriculture Organization (November 1996). "Rome Declaration on Food Security and World Food Summit Plan of Action"
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_security https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_security
Mesjasz, C. “Security As An Analytical Concept”. A Paper Presented at the 5th Pan-European Conference on International Relations held at Hague, September 9-11 (2004):5 Political Security Law and Legal Definition: Available from https://definitions.uslegal.com/p/political-security%20/
Post , R . S . and Kingsbury , A . A . ( 1991 ) Security Administration: An Introduction to the Protection Services . Boston, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann . UNDP. (1994). Human Development Report 1994. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from http://hdrnet.org/426/1/hdr_1994_en.pdf[Crossref], [Google Scholar] Van Buuren, Jelle, 2010: “Security as a commodity. The ethical dilemmas of private security services. International Peace Research Institute in Oslo”; at: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security
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